Afghanistan is often in the global spotlight, and typically for less than desirable reasons. As someone who has traveled there firsthand, I want to share some super interesting but often overlooked fun facts about Afghanistan.
In 2024, I visited Afghanistan as a female traveler. And while I did get some pushback online for daring to go there, my trip was met with more questions than judgement.
The truth is, many of us don’t know much about Afghanistan other than what we’ve seen on the Western Media. War, Taliban influence, and ongoing struggles are unfortunately what come to mind first for most people.
Beyond the loud headlines lies a country with incredibly kind people, a rich history, a diverse culture, and some of the most beautiful architecture I’ve seen in the Middle East. I was struck by Afghanistan’s complexity and just how wrong many of the headlines are.
If you are curious to hear more about this misunderstood country, and to learn what is Afghanistan known for, look no further. Here are 10 facts about Afghanistan that I bet you didn’t know.
1. Arabic is not the official language in Afghanistan.
In the USA, we tend to lump Afghanistan in with the Middle East. (Yes, it depends what map or source you are looking at, but I would say the general American would consider Afghanistan “Middle East” rather than Central Asian.)
Because of this, and the geographical and religious similarities between Afghanistan and the wider Middle East, most people would assume that Arabic is the official language in Afghanistan.
That is incorrect. The two most common languages in Afghanistan are Dari and Pashto.
2. The current flag of Afghanistan is the newest flag in the world.
Afghanistan’s flag has actually changed 20 times within 102 years due to wars, changes in government, and occupations. This is more times (and more often) than any other country I am aware of!
3. The currency is called the ‘Afghani.’
Money in Afghanistan is referred to as Afghani. “Afghan” refers to people, and “Afghani” refers to money.
So, people are not Afghani, they’re Afghan, and money is not “an Afghan,” it’s Afghani. This may seem like a small distinction, but it’s important to use the correct terminology when referring to people vs. currencies, of course.
4. Islam was not always the main religion here.
Prior to the introduction of Islam in Afghanistan, both Buddhism and Zoroastrianism were the two main religions.
And, you can still tour various caves where worship took place when traveling through Afghanistan.
5. Alexander the Great was here.
The city of Herat was captured by Alexander the Great in the year 330 BC. And, you can still see remnants of that time period today.
The Citadel of Herat is a historic fort located in the center of Herat, and was originally built after Alexander the Great’s army arrived in the region. Over the past 2,000 years, the fort has served as the headquarters for multiple empires, and it has been destroyed and rebuilt numerous times.
Today, the National Museum of Herat is located within the citadel, as well.
6. The food has many influences.
Afghan cuisine has been influenced by both Persian and Indian flavors and traditions. Local food typically uses spices such as cumin, turmeric, cardamom, saffron, and pepper.
Kabuli Palau is considered the national dish of Afghanistan, and is made of flavorful rice and dried fruit. Speaking of Afghanistan’s fruit, fresh options include pomegranates, melons, and grapes.
7. Afghanistan’s national sport is one you’ve never heard of.
Buzkashi, sometimes referred to as “goat-grabbing,” is Afghanistan’s national sport. And, in previous times, it was quite brutal.
Riders on horseback compete to seize a goat carcass and drop it into a circle. This game, dating back centuries, was once played by wealthy warlords but is now supported by mobile phone companies and private airlines.
It is a physically demanding and rough game, and traditionally, women do not participate. Note that oftentimes nowadays, an actual goat carcass is not used (thankfully!)
8. The meaning of the word “Afghan.”
The term “Afghan” is derived from the word “Asvakan,” meaning “horsemen” or “horse breeders.”
This reflects the country’s deep historical connection to equestrian culture. Nowadays, though, it is not too common to see people on horseback. I didn’t notice a single one during my visit.
9. It’s not just a desert.
When many people think about Afghanistan, they think of empty desert. In fact, viewers were shocked when they saw images of Kabul and built-up cities on my Instagram!
Afghanistan’s geography is quite diverse, encompassing mountainous regions, valleys, deserts, lakes, and of course, cities. The Hindu Kush mountain range runs northeast to southwest, dividing the country into distinct regions.
So while Afghanistan is home to some desert regions, it also features significant mountainous terrains and fertile river valleys, contributing to its varied landscape.
Of all the fun facts about Afghanistan listed, this one seemed to surprise my viewers most.
10. It is one of the most hospitable countries I’ve visited.
Afghan culture places great emphasis on hospitality.
When hosting guests, Afghans go to great lengths to ensure visitors feel welcomed and respected. The traditions of hospitality are deeply ingrained in their everyday life.
In fact, since tourism is quite rare in Afghanistan, people seem much more curious and welcoming than in well-trodden locations.
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Conclusion: 10 Afghanistan Facts
I hope these ten interesting facts about Afghanistan have taught you something new about this often misunderstood country!
Afghanistan, despite its ongoing challenges, remains a country of great cultural depth, historical significance, and enduring traditions.
Beyond the headlines you’ll find incredibly kind people, a rich history, gorgeous architecture, and a diverse culture. It is so much more than the Western world appreciates.
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